Refrigeration



May s, 1928.

, B. C. VON PLATEN ET-AL REFRIGERATICN ori ina; Filed Ana. 4. 1923material E, for instance Patented May 8, 1928.

UNITED" STATES:

PATENT OFFICE.

BALTZAR CARL VON PLATEN AND CARL GEORG HUNTERS, OF STOGKHOLM, SWEDEN,

ASSIGNORS T0 ELECTROLUX SERVEL C PORATION OF DELAWARE.-

Original application flied August 4,

. and this application filed Batch .4,

This application is a division of our copending application Serial No.655,768, filed August 4, 1923, Patent No. 1,620,843.

The invention relates to absorption rcirigerati'ng apparatus in whichthe absorption liquid is circulated through the gen-D erator and theabsorber and more particularly to absorption refrigerating apparatus ofthe kind in which the generator and absorber are arranged in opencommunication with one another. The object of the invention is to effectan auton'iatic circulation of the absorption liquid without using any,

kind of mechanical device. v

The invention is characterized principally in that the circulation ofabsorption liquid is effected by means of a thermo-siphon included inthe circulating system for forming a part of the conduit wherebytheabsorp tion liquid is conveyed from the absorber to the generator,the upward leg of the thermo-siphon being formed principally of a coilor-other member placed. within afiue within the generator.

The invention wi scribed with reference to the accompanyingdiagrammatic-drawing illustrating one embodiment of the invention.

The refrigerating apparatusshown on the accompanying drawino comprises agenerator K, an evaporator G and an absorber A. The generator K containsthe cooling agent, for instance ammonia, dissolved in water. Theevaporator G and the absorberA contain a gas or gas mixture, which isinert with respect to the cooling-age t and which may be hydrogen. Theevaporator and the absorber preferably contain a porous or fibrous metalwool or-cuttings, disposed in a number of tubular cells F, whichcommunicate with one another at and at the bottom, and which are provied with perforated bottoms H. Said porous or fibrous material serves asa means for distributing the liquid entering the evaporator and theabsorber respectively over the to a large surface while at the same timefacilitating the-transfer of heat; The gas space of the generator isconnected with the upper art of the evaporator G by means of a condensercoil C, placed together with The end sorber in a eoolin water tank B.

forms of the pipe entering the evaporator ll be more fully dothe absorber A and, in risin ORPORA'IION, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.,"A. COR-REFRIGERATION.

1923, Serial No. 655,768, and in Sweden August 18, 1922. Divided 1927.Serial No. 172,673.

a perforated distributor I. The evaporator G and the absorber A arearranged in unobstructed communication with one another by means ofpipes M and N connecting the receptacles at the top and at the bottomrespectively and forming together a heat ex.- changer R, the pipe Mbeing located inside the pipe N. The evaporator should generally. belocated at a higher level than the absorber in order to prevent thelower pipe connection between the evaporator and the absorber from beingclosed up by liquid.

The generator and the absorber are connected with one another by meansof pipes L and P so as to form a closed circulating vpassing through thegenerator and into which is directed a gas burner 1 supplying heat bothto the coil T and to the generator. Coil T opens either into the liquidor into the gas space immediately above the surface of the liquid in thegenerator and operates as a thermo-siphon to circulate the absorptionliquid.

The apparatus operates as follows:

On heating the generator the. ammonia is expelled from the water andcaused to flow from the generator through the condenser coil G and aliquid seal U to the eva orator G. The ammonia is condensed in t econdenser so as to reach the evaporator in liquid condition. Theammonia, consequently, flows into and spreads over the porous or fibrousmaterial E, at the'same time evaporating and difltusin into the hydrogenin the evaporator whi e absorbing heat from the surroundin s of theevaporator. The mixture of by is heavier than the hydrogen itself, willflow through the pipe Ninto the cooled abthrough the fibrous materialEin the cells ,'it"w1ll be brought rogen and ammonia whicli' what weclaim is: 1

incontact with the liquid flowin down through the absorber, the ammoniaut not the hydrogen being then dissolved ,01' absorbed in the liquid.The ammonia is thus separated from the gas mixture, whereas the hydrogenrises through the absorber and returns to the evaporator G through thepipe M. On enteringihe evaporator, the hydrogen again nrixes 'ith theammonia vapor. The automa t'ic cfrculation of the inert gas is thusmaintained substantially on account of the difference of the specificweights of the inert gasiiand the vapor of the cooling agent. butalowing to the cooling of the gases in the evaporator and the heat ofthe gases in the absorber, the specific weight-oi the gases beingthereby increased and decreased respectively. p

All parts of the apparatus being in open and unobstructed communicationwith one another, the same or substantially the same.

absolute pressure will the whole apparatus.

The circulation of the absorption liquid is efiected in such a mannerthat the concentrated solution collecting at the bottom of the absorberis returned to the generator through the pipe P,- whereas the liquidwhich is poorinammonia is conveyed to the absorber through the pipe L.The circulation is maintained exclusively by the thermo-connection,between the circulating system and the generator, the liquid beingpreheated in'the heat exchanger S and 'further heated in the coil T,which then operates as a thermo-siphon through which the liquid islifted by the gas developed therein to a level that is high enough toallow the liquid'to fiow directly into'the absorber.

While we have described one form of our inventioin'it is to beunderstood that we are not to be limited thereto.

Having thus described prevail throughout our invention,

1. Befrigeratin apparatus comprising a generator, a con enser, an;evaporator, an

absorber, a flue extending within said generator, a coil within saidflue, means to connect the upper part of the coil with the upper part ofthe generator, meanstolconnect the lower part of the coil with theabsorber, a conduit connecting said generator with said absorberindependently of the coil and a burner directed into said flue.

2. Refrigerat'in generator, :1 con absorber, orator,

within enser, an evaporator, an a flue extending within said genanupwardly extending member said flue adapted to hold fluid, means toconnect the upper part of said member apparatus comprising a sorb menacewith the upper part of the generator, means to connect the lower part ofthe member with the absorber, a conduit connecting said generator withsaid absorber independently of said member andv a burner directed intosaid flue.

3. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a generator, a condenser, anabsorber, an evaporator, means to interconnect. the erator, condenser,evaporator and absorber to maintain the same total pressure therein,said means including communications between the absorber and evaporatorarranged to form a circuit, said circuit being arranged to containvertically extending bodies of fluid of such nature that circulation iscaused .to take place within said circuit due to diiference in specificweights of different vertically extending bodies, a flue extendingwithin said generator, a coil within said flue, means to connect theupper part of the coil with the upper part of the generator, means toconnect the lower part of the coil with the absorber, a conduitconnecting the generator with the absorber genindependently of the coiland a burner di-" cooling agent from the condenser to the evaporator, aplurality of conduits connecting the evaporator and absorber forcirculation of an auxiliary agent in the presence of which the coolingagentevaporates, a flue extending within the generator adapted for apassage of gas through the same, a coil within said flue, means toconnect the upper part of the coil with the upper part of the generator,means to connect the lower part of the coil with the lower part oftheabsorber, a conduit connecting said generator with said absorberindependently of said coil and .a burner for gasdirected into said flue,the

arrangement being such that absorption liquid may flow downwardly fromthe absorber to the coil and heat applied to'the coil may vaporize someof the llquid in the coil whereby decrease in specific weight ofifluidinthe coil is. adapted to result in continuous circulation of absorptionli uid from the 3 into the genabsorber through the coil an erator andfrom the generator to the aber. -,In tstimony whereof we'hereunto aflixour signatures.

BALTZAR CARL von PLATEN. CARL GEORG MUNTERS.

